HELP: why do I owe taxes for an AGI of less than $32K (Single taxpayer)

[RM_L]

I apparently owe about $800 in federal taxes this year, which really surprised me.  If someone can shed some light, that'd be greatly appreciated.  My details below:

1.  Single tax payer ($14600 standard deduction)

2.  Capital Gains: $17K

3.  Ordinary Dividends:  $29K

AGI:  $31,400, Tax due (per TurboTax: $800)

Thanks much in advance.

[Vanessa A]

You would owe taxes because you did not make quarterly payments or have enough withheld to cover your tax liability. 

Look at line 15 of your return.  This would be your taxable income after your standard deduction.  

Line 16 will show the tax that should have been paid throughout the year on that amount.

Line 33 will show your total payments made.

Assuming you have no credits or other deductions, if line 16 is higher than line 33, then you would owe taxes. 

[VolvoGirl]

And actually on a AGI of 31,400 you would owe $3,539.   See IRS Tax Table

https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i1040tt.pdf 

But you have capital gains which are taxed at a lower rate.  Even though the full amount shows up in the total income on the 1040 line 7, if you have capital gains or qualified dividends the tax is not taken from the tax table but is calculated separately from Schedule D. The tax will be calculated on the Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet. It does not get filed with your return. In the online version you need to save your return as a pdf file and include all the worksheets to see it.

[RM_L]

Thank you!  For capital gains, is my understanding correct, that my tax liability is $0, per the Capital Gains Tax Rate of 2024, which is 0% tax rate for capital gains up to $47,025?

So is the tax liability of $800 based on the ordinary dividends of $29K, less the standard deduction of $14600?  So is the tax of $800 calculated based on $14400 (i.e. $29K less $14600)? 

[RM_L]

Thank you!  For capital gains, is my understanding correct, that my tax liability is $0 (for Single taxpayer), per the Capital Gains Tax Rate of 2024, which is 0% tax rate for capital gains up to $47,025?

So is the tax liability of $800 based on the ordinary dividends of $29K, less the standard deduction of $14600?  So is the tax of $800 calculated based on $14400 (i.e. $29K less $14600)?  Is this treated as ordinary income then, and not included in the $47,025 threshold?