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Actually, I already have heard back. They agreed with TurboTax, limit $10,000. I responded that their instruction booklet did not indicate to do that, nor how to do that. We'll see if I hear back again.

Yes you want to include the Form 8833 with your federal tax return.  While the qualified intermediary did receive the information for the withholding purposes, it is always best to provide the details with your tax return.  This affirms your position on the income instead of relying on the 1042-S which the IRS does not necessarily review.   Taxpayers use this form to make the treaty-based return position disclosure required by Internal Revenue Code section 6114. Dual-resident taxpayers use this form to make the treaty-based return position disclosure required by Regulations section 301.7701(b)-7.  About Form 8833

Try entering 0.   The IRS uses your prior year AGI to combat fraud. Make sure you take into account the information below.   You can find your 2024 Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) by: Looking at line 11 on page 1 of your 2024 Form 1040 Requesting a transcript of your 2024 tax return from the IRS. You can request your transcript online at the following link: Get Transcript Please click on this TurboTax article for more information.    Check these items as well to ensure you have the correct number.  If you:  Filed late last year after mid-November or your return was processed after that time—try entering 0. Amended your return last year—make sure you’re using the AGI from your original return, not the amended one. (If you only have a 1040X form, it’s on line 1, column A). Rounded your AGI to the nearest dollar—be sure to round up when it’s 50 cents or more and down when it’s 49 cents or less. Filed with your spouse last year—you and your spouse have the same 2024 AGI. (Don’t split the AGI amount or enter  0  for one of you).   Time-saving Tip: If what you entered is correct and you continue to get a reject, you won't be able to e-file. There's probably a data mismatch at the government, or some other situation beyond your control that prevents your return from being e-filed. In this case, your only option would be to print and mail in your return.    This article will give you instruction on how to print and mail your return. 

Yes, double dipping is not allowed. But you are allowed to split up the expenses in claiming the available tax benefits.  Since the AOTC is the most generous benefit, he should claim that even if some of the 529 distribution earnings is taxable on your return.    It takes $4000 of tuition to get the maximum AOTC.  But, if he's only getting $1000 AOTC, it usually means he has no tax liability ($1000 is the refundable portion of the $2500 [maximum] AOTC).  If he only uses $2000 of tuition, his refundable AOTC will be $800.     You need to do the math to decide how to split up the benefits. Roughly it's sounds like you can do both. He uses $4K of tuition, leaving $10K for your 529 distribution. That plus what you paid for room and board should get you to the $16K distribution.      Provide the following info for more specific help: Box 1 of the 1098-T box 5 of the 1098-T Any other scholarships not shown in box 5 Does box 5 include any of the 529/ESA plan payments (it should not) Is any of the Scholarship restricted; i.e. it must be used for tuition Box 1 of the 1099-Q Box 2 of the 1099-Q Room & board paid. If student lives off campus, what is school's R&B on campus charge. If he lives at home, the school’s R&B “allowance for cost of attendance” for student living with parents. Other qualified expenses not included in box 1 of the 1098-T, e.g. books & computers How much taxable income does the student have, from what sources When he went to school before, how many times did you claim the AOTC or Hope credit? Is the student an undergrad or grad student? Is the student a degree candidate attending school half time or more?

If you didn't file a 2024 return your AGI is 0.   Try entering 0 for the AGI. The IRS might have processed your return later so the AGI didn't get entered in time.  Especially if you mailed it.  That works for most people. See, https://ttlc.intuit.com/community/rejections/help/what-if-i-entered-the-correct-agi-and-i-m-still-getting-an-e-file-reject/00/27031 How to correct the AGI in the Online version https://ttlc.intuit.com/community/agi/help/where-do-i-correct-my-agi-in-turbotax-online/00/26311 If you can’t get it to efile you will have to print and mail it. https://ttlc.intuit.com/community/printing/help/how-do-i-print-and-mail-my-return-in-turbotax-online/00/26258 Be sure to attach copies of your W2s and any 1099s that have withholding on them.  You have to mail federal and state in separate envelopes because they go to different places.  Get a tracking number from the post office when you mail them for proof of filing.

@taxrar181966 , agreeing with @DaveF1006  for his correct and expansive/complete reply, just wanted to point out that : (a) form 1116  when applicable  ( i.e. when the safe harbor  of US$300  per filer  cannot be used ) has a limit of allowable  Foreign Tax Credit  based on allocation of  US tax liability on the same doubly taxed foreign source income --- it is the lesser of  FT actually paid / accrued and  US taxes imposed on the same  doubly taxed in come; (b)  no matter which Foreign Tax credit  computation is used/applicable, FTC is a Non-Refundable Credit i.e. the usable amount of credit  is  limited by the Federal Tax Liability on world income before  application of  FTC.  Thus if the US  federal Tax liability is  US$429, and  the foreign taxes  paid is  US$500 , the FTC used will be only US$429 and not US$500. Does this make sense ?    

There is a question regarding Joint Occupancy in the TurboTax Online interview for the Home Energy Credit.  It's the second question in the section. The next question asks if you 'shared the costs..'.   @STAWB     

It depends on what you did with the refunded amount. The "Refund/Recontributed amount" box in TurboTax should be left blank or enter $0.  Because you kept the refund rather than putting it back into the 529 plan, the IRS views that portion of your distribution as non-qualified unless you spent it on other valid educational expenses like books or equipment.    If you spent an amount equal or greater than the refund on educational expenses, you do not need to do anything further to report the refund.    If you spent the refund on non-educational expenses, you must manually subtract the refunded amount from your total "Qualified Expenses" when the software asks how much you paid in educational expenses. This will automatically identify the leftover "refunded" piece and calculate the appropriate tax and 10% penalty on the earnings portion. 

The IRS uses your prior year AGI to combat fraud. Make sure you take into account the information below.   You can find your 2024 Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) by: Looking at line 11 on page 1 of your 2024 Form 1040 Requesting a transcript of your 2024 tax return from the IRS. You can request your transcript online at the following link: Get Transcript Please click on this TurboTax article for more information.    Check these items as well to ensure you have the correct number.  If you:  Filed late last year after mid-November or your return was processed after that time—try entering 0. Amended your return last year—make sure you’re using the AGI from your original return, not the amended one. (If you only have a 1040X form, it’s on line 1, column A). Rounded your AGI to the nearest dollar—be sure to round up when it’s 50 cents or more and down when it’s 49 cents or less. Filed with your spouse last year—you and your spouse have the same 2024 AGI. (Don’t split the AGI amount or enter  0  for one of you).   Time-saving Tip: If what you entered is correct and you continue to get a reject, you won't be able to e-file. There's probably a data mismatch at the government, or some other situation beyond your control that prevents your return from being e-filed. In this case, your only option would be to print and mail in your return.    This article will give you instruction on how to print and mail your return. 

if you requested or have been assigned an IP PIN (6 digits) then you need it, you can get it from your account at irs.gov - note it changes every calendar year; see  https://www.irs.gov/identity-theft-fraud-scams/get-an-identity-protection-pin   you would enter it under Other Tax Situations / Other Return Info   this is different to the 5-digit e-file PIN which you assign during the filing process and is arbitrary PIN of your choice for the e-file security.

You will enter this information about your new furnace in the Deductions & Credits section of TurboTax as an Energy-Efficient home improvement for the Residential Energy Credit.   You can get to these screens in your TurboTax program using the steps listed below:   Click on Search in the top right of your TurboTax screen Type (exactly) 5695, residential energy credit in the search box Click on the link Jump to 5695, residential energy credit This will take you to the input screen in TurboTax to enter your information regarding your new high-efficiency furnace. Your screen will say Energy Efficient home improvements Answer Yes to I made these energy-efficient improvements or have a carryforward and click on Continue Answer Yes to my home is in the U.S. and Continue through your TurboTax screens  On the screen that says Did you have any of these residential energy property costs in 2025? Click on Yes and Continue Answer the follow-up screens about your new furnace On the screen that says Enter your qualified energy property costs, you will enter your QMID and the cost of your furnace Continue through your screens, answering any follow-up questions to complete your residential energy credit information    Click here for Where do I enter qualified energy-saving improvements? Click here for Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit Click here for 2024-2025 Energy Tax Credit: Which Home Improvements Qualify? Please return to Community if you have any additional information or questions and we would be happy to help.