I have a 401K profit sharing plan where my employer contributes a fixed percentage of my salary every year. I don't contribute anything. On my W2 box 13 the retirement plan is empty. Is that a mistake? How does the plan affect my IRA contribution limits for both Roth and Traditional if it is a mistake or if it is correct?
Thanks!
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It is not a mistake if you do not have the option to make contributions to the plan. The plan does not have any impact on your IRA contributions. You would calculate eligibility and deductions as not having an employer provided retirement plan.
Thanks, I do have the option to contribute but I chose not to. So then it is a mistake?
If you can contribute, box 13 generally should be marked; verify the plan type with your employer - your plan may be different than what is below. Here is what the IRS says
Check this box if the employee was an “active participant” (for any part of the year) in any of the following.
Generally, an employee is an active participant if covered by (a) a defined benefit plan for any tax year that he or she is eligible to participate in, or (b) a defined contribution plan (for example, a section 401(k) plan) for any tax year that employer or employee contributions (or forfeitures) are added to his or her account. For additional information on employees who are eligible to participate in a plan, contact your plan administrator. For details on the active participant rules, see Notice 87-16, 1987-1 C.B. 446; Notice 98-49, 1998-2 C.B. 365; section 219(g)(5); and Pub. 590-A, Contributions to Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs). You can find Notice 98-49 on page 5 of Internal Revenue Bulletin 1998-38 at IRS.gov/pub/irs-irbs/irb98-38.pdf.
Here is how the tax deductibility of IRA contributions differ based on whether or not that box is checked.
The lack of a mark in box 13 may or may not be a mistake depending on the fiscal or calendar year adopted by the 401(k) plan. If the addition to your 401(k) was made for the 401(k) plan year ending in 2021, you are a covered individual for 2021 and box 13 Retirement plan on your W-2 should have been marked.
The fact that you made no contributions yourself does not determine whether you are a covered individual. The employer contribution makes you a covered individual with the only question being the year for which that employer contribution makes you a covered individual.
Thanks for your answer. I have a followup question. It seems to me that I am covered by a retirement plan and therefore I can only contribute to a Roth IRA if I have income up to 125,000 (I'm marrying and filing jointly). As far as I can tell this seems to be a recent change regarding Roth IRA contributions. What year did the IRS introduce this rule that if you are covered by a retirement plan at work that your contribution limits get phased out a lower limit (125,000) as opposed to if you're not covered (198,000)? I'm asking specifically with regard to Roth IRAs. The documents I found on the IRS website (590a) only seem to refer to 2021 and 2022.
Actually, I found my own answer. The rule seems to have gone into effect in 2021 and it's in the "What's New for 2021" section of the 590a. I also found previous years publications on the IRS website and I do not see this rule about being covered by a workplace plan with respect to Roth IRAs (only traditional IRAs).
Links:
2021 590a: https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-prior/p590a--2021.pdf
2020 590a: https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-prior/p590a--2020.pdf
Only the eligibility to deduct the traditional IRA contribution gets phased out. Even if MAGI is above the applicable threshold, you can still make a traditional IRA contribution provided you have the supporting compensation, it just won't be deductible.
Except for the dollar amounts of the thresholds, the limitations on being able to deduct a traditional IRA contribution if you or your spouse are covered by a workplace retirement plan have remained unchanged since 1987. The "What's New for 2021" information is simply telling you that the thresholds for 2021 have increased slightly from those for 2020.
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