Stop.
Why do you think a backdoor Roth IRA is not allowed? When filing married filing separately, you can't deduct traditional IRA contributions but you can still make contributions up to the annual limit, and making non-deductible IRA contributions is the whole point of a backdoor Roth. (A conversion is not the same as a contribution.)
2022 and 2023, you made a mistake, because you could have recharacterized the contributions as contributions to a traditional IRA. But it is too late now.
"I have recharacterized all 2024 Roth contributions and one January 2025 Roth contribution as a traditional IRA ($3550). This should eliminate the penalty on my 2024 contributions."
Correct.
"I am withdrawing my excess contributions from 2022 and 2023 ($10,125 exactly). Speaking with a turbo tax professional today they believe that as long as this is done before filing my taxes by the April 15 deadline I will no longer need to report the excess contributions on my 2024 return. "
Wrong. The deadline to remove excess contributions using the special procedure to remove excess was October 15, 2023 and October 15, 2024. Since you missed those deadlines, and the excess is still in your account, you must pay a penalty, 6% on the remaining carry-forward from 2022 and 2023. Your 2024 return should include a form 8606 that documents the 2024 contribution of nondeductible money to a traditional IRA, and a form 5329 calculating the 6% penalty. Save a copy of form 8606 for as long as you live, or as long as you have any money in a traditional IRA, plus three years. (This is an exception to the usual rule that tax forms can be discarded after 3 or 6 years.) When you withdraw from the traditional IRA in the future, you will need the form 8606 to show that since part of the IRA is after-tax (non-deductible) money, part of the withdrawal should be tax-free.
In short, the $10,215 withdrawal you want to make will be reported in 2025, since it happens in 2025. It is not eligible for the special procedure to be treated as if it happened in 2024.
To avoid a penalty in 2025, you must withdraw $10,125 before December 31, 2025. You do not have to remove the attributable earnings. You can leave the earnings in the account to grow (the 6% penalty is supposed to offset the earnings). Because the $10,125 is your original contributions, and because withdrawal of contributions from a Roth IRA is never taxed, this withdrawal won't be taxed at all (no tax, no penalty) as long as you have not previously made other withdrawals. If your account is gaining in value, there is no reason not to leave the money alone until December so it can earn more. It won't change your tax or penalties to do it in a hurry.
If you have no other money in traditional (pre-tax) IRAs, you can convert the money in your traditional IRA to a Roth tax-free, except for earnings. If you have other pre-tax money in traditional IRA accounts, then the conversion will be partly taxable, but you can still think about doing it.
