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The deduction for seniors is not necessarily $12,000. That's the maximum amount if you are married filing jointly and both 65 or older. You might get less than the maximum, or nothing at all, depending on your income. The deduction is gradually reduced if your Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) is over $150,000 for married filing jointly. The deduction is reduced to zero if your MAGI is $250,000 or more if married filing jointly. The deduction is calculated in Part V of Schedule 1-A. The amount of the deduction will be on Schedule 1-A line 37. The total deductions from Schedule 1-A will be on Form 1040 line 13b, which might include other deductions besides the deduction for seniors.  

Are you asking about a loss from a sale in 2025, or a capital loss carryover from 2024? If you sold something at a loss in 2025, you do not enter the capital loss directly. You enter information about the sale, including the proceeds and basis. TurboTax will calculate the loss and enter it on your tax return. In either case, go to Federal Taxes > Wages & Income > Investment Income. To enter a sale click the Start button for "Stocks, Cryptocurrency, Mutual Funds, Bonds, Other." To enter a capital loss carryover click the Start button for "Capital Loss Carryover."