You’re right about the math. If your basis is zero, then zero divided by any number is still zero. There’s no underlying tax issue here. However, the software and the IRS require that year-end ba...
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You’re right about the math. If your basis is zero, then zero divided by any number is still zero. There’s no underlying tax issue here. However, the software and the IRS require that year-end balance because of the Pro-Rata Rule and how Form 8606 is designed. This helps prevent picking and choosing which funds to report. It’s not just about this year’s numbers. The IRS treats all your traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs as one big account. When you convert to a Roth, you can’t choose to move only the after-tax money. Instead, the IRS requires you to convert a mix of both pre-tax and after-tax funds, based on their share in your total IRA balance. To prove that slice is 100% taxable, the IRS requires a "snapshot" of your retirement portfolio as of December 31st. Verification of the Ratio: Even if your basis is "0" the IRS uses Line 6 of Form 8606 (where that year-end value goes) to establish the denominator for the fraction. Without that number, the form is technically incomplete. The "Paper Trail" Requirement: Even if the calculation results in 0, the IRS wants to see the inputs. If they ever audited you and saw a conversion but no reported total value for your other IRAs, they wouldn't know if you were tax-exempt or if you just forgot to calculate the ratio. If the software is generating a Form 8606 and that line is blank, it could be because it used it to confirm the "Pro-Rata" math was indeed zero, but since the result was "100% taxable," it just moved the final number to your 1040. The tax expert is likely being cautious because IRS Instructions for Form 8606 say you have to include the December 31st value if you took a distribution or did a conversion and have any basis. If your basis is truly zero, this question acts as a quick check by the software to make sure you’re not missing anything that could affect your taxes. @jhbrown42