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Before you reach full retirement age, if you continue working while drawing SS, your benefits can be reduced if you earn over a certain limit. (For 2021 it was $18,960. For 2022 it was $19,560 — for 2023 $21,240) For 2024, $22,320.
After full retirement age, no matter how much you continue to earn, your benefits are not reduced by your earnings; your employer will still have to withhold for Social Security and Medicare. If you work as an independent contractor then you will pay self-employment tax for Social Security and Medicare.
To see how much of your Social Security was taxable, look at lines 6a and 6b of your 2024 Form 1040
https://www.irs.gov/help/ita/are-my-social-security-or-railroad-retirement-tier-i-benefits-taxable
You need to file a federal return if half your Social Security plus your other income is
Single or Head of Household $25,000
Married Filing Jointly $32,000
Married Filing Separately $0
Some additional information: There are 9 states that tax Social Security—Colorado, Connecticut, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Utah, and Vermont These states offer varying degrees of income exemptions, but two mirror the federal tax schedule: MN and VT.
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits may be taxable if you receive income from other sources.
To determine if your benefits are taxable, you should take half of the Social Security money you collected during the year and add it to your other income. Other income includes pensions, wages, interest, dividends and capital gains.
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