Not necessarily. Whatever you or your employer told the state department to get the Visa, your tax treatment depends on the work you actually do. The IRS looks at 4 factors, persons in religious employment positions
•administer
the sacraments,
•are considered to be a religious leader by your church,
•conduct
worship services, and
•have
management responsibility in the control, conduct, or maintenance of your
congregation.
You don't have to do all 4 things all the time or to the same degree, especially if you are a junior pastor on staff. But an ordained priest who is hired as a custodian is not treated as a religious worker for tax purposes even though they are ordained.
Generally if you are religious worker you are treated as self-employed for tax purposes even though you are a common law employee for most other purposes. You will typically receive a W-2 with boxes 3-6 blank. Then check the box for "religious employment" under Special Circumstances and answer the rest of the questions. If you have figures in your W-2 boxes 3-6, then the church is not paying you as a religious worker and turbotax will not calculate your tax properly.
It appears that R visa holders are not subject to any special tax treatment so you owe income tax and self-employment tax according to the rules that apply to US citizens who are clergy.
This is a good resource http://www.ecfa.org/PDF/2016-Preparing-Tax-Returns-For-Clergy.pdf
And this https://www.irs.gov/publications/p517/
