Any vendor or client that pays you to do any work should request that you complete a W-9 so they can issue you a Form 1099-NEC at the end of the tax year. You don't need to preemptively give all of your clients a W-9 form; it is their responsibility to get that information from you.
The person or business paying you is responsible for requesting the W-9 Form from you. However, the requester has no obligation to file the W-9 with the IRS. That person keeps the form on file and uses this information to prepare other returns, such as 1099 Forms and 1098 Forms, as well as to determine whether federal tax withholding is necessary on the payments you receive.
TurboTax Tip: Companies who engage you as a contractor or make payments to you for services you provide will likely ask for a completed W-9. Likewise, banks, brokerage firms and other payers typically ask for a completed W-9 to prepare your 1099s to report items such as interest, dividends, cancellation of debt and more.
Form W-9 - What Is It and How Is It Used?
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