Yes, you can prepare and file taxes, using TurboTax, for your incarcerated brother since you have his permission. However, he would be responsible for the return outcome. Source: DMarkM1
To check if he need to file a tax return, see Do I need to file a federal return this year?
If he is eligible for the stimulus payments and needs to file a tax return to claim the Recovery Rebate Credit, see How do I claim the Recovery Rebate Credit in TurboTax? Please see the stimulus eligibility requirements below.
To be eligible for the first stimulus payment: Generally, if you are a U.S. citizen or U.S. resident alien, you will receive an Economic Impact Payment of $1,200 ($2,400 for a joint return) if you (and your spouse if filing a joint return) are not a dependent of another taxpayer and have a Social Security number valid for employment and your adjusted gross income (AGI) does not exceed:
- $150,000 if married and filing a joint return
- $112,500 if filing as head of household or
- $75,000 for eligible individuals using any other filing status
Your payment will be reduced by 5% of the amount by which your AGI exceeds the applicable threshold above.
You are not eligible for a payment if any of the following apply to you:
- You may be claimed as a dependent on another taxpayer’s return (for example, a child or student who may be claimed on a parent’s return or a dependent parent who may be claimed on an adult child’s return).
- You do not have a Social Security number that is valid for employment.
- You are a nonresident alien.
The following are also not eligible: a deceased individual or an estate or trust.
To be eligible for the second stimulus payment, your adjusted gross income (AGI) is below,
- $75,000 for individuals
- $112,500 for heads of household
- $150,000 for married, joint filers
You should receive $600 per individual plus $600 per qualifying child.
For filers with income above those amounts, the payment amount is reduced by $5 for each $100 above the $75,000/$112,500/$150,000 thresholds. This means:
- An individual without children will not receive any payment if their AGI exceeds $87,000
- A couple without children will not receive any payment if their AGI exceeds $174,000
- A family of four will not receive any payment if their AGI exceeds $198,000
You can find your 2019 AGI on line 8b of your Form 1040.
To be eligible for the third stimulus, you need to meet the following requirements:
- Families earning less than $150,000 a year and individuals earning less than $75,000 a year should get the full $1,400 per person.
- Families earning up to $160,000 per year and individuals earning up to $80,000 per year will receive prorated amounts.
- One notable difference from the first two stimulus is that you will receive stimulus payments for all your dependents, including adult dependents and college students.
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