My new employer is not taking my federal taxes out of my paycheck based on my W-4. Does this mean I will owe money next year?

[NCperson]

depends on your income, any tax credits you are eligible for, so hard to say. 

best to ask the payroll department to explain why they are not withholding federal tax. 

[rjs]

Use the Tax Withholding Estimator on the IRS web site to estimate how you will come out at the end of the year, and to see if you need to change your W-4.