Will my payment on federal taxes be taken out of my bank account or do I need to mail my first payment?

[VanV1]

When you filed your taxes - you were required to put in how you want to pay your taxes.  If you chose direct debit from your bank account, the government will deduct the money on the date you specified.  If you chose another method, you will have to follow those instructions and pay as specified.  So in the end, it depends on how you filed.