The amount you paid for the business is capital that you invest in the business and is not a business expense.
You cannot claim the amount of loan or the payments you made on the loan. If your business is reported on Schedule C, then the loan or its repayment are not entered on Schedule C.
You could claim depreciation on any tangible assets you bought with the business. If the sale price of the business includes goodwill, then you can amortize the goodwill over 15 years.
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