I graduated college May 2022 and was 22 years old at the end of the year. I live with my parents and earned $17700 last year. Can I be their dependant?

[fanfare]

you have to be under age 24, which you were.

your own income does not matter.

@nsdonze 

[DawnC]

Maybe.   See the age requirement (student requirement) and the last item regarding paying over half of your support.     A taxpayer can claim a qualifying child if 

• They're related to you
• They aren't claimed as a dependent by someone else
• They're a U.S. citizen, resident alien, national, or a Canadian or Mexican resident
• They aren’t filing a joint return with their spouse
• They're under the age of 19 (or 24 for full-time students)
  • No age limit for permanently and totally disabled children
• They lived with you for more than half the year (exceptions apply)
• They didn't provide more than half of their own support for the year - you did not provide more than half of your own support - total support.

A full-time student is a student who is enrolled for the number of hours or courses that the school considers to be full-time attendance.    To qualify as a student, the person must be, during some part of each of any five calendar months of the year:

1. A full-time student at a school that has a regular teaching staff, course of study, and a regularly enrolled student body at the school, or
2. A student taking a full-time, on-farm training course given by a school described in (1), or by a state, county, or local government agency.

The five calendar months do not have to be consecutive.

[Hal_Al]

Can the student be claimed as a dependent in the Graduation year? (answer written as if the parent asked the question)

If he/she was a student (under 24) for at least 5 months and lived with you for more than half the year, and did not provide more than 1/2 his own support for the whole year, you can still claim him. Be sure he knows you're claiming him, so he doesn't claim himself. He can only be claimed once. But, he can "file taxes" without claiming his own exemption.

The real question is who should be claiming him in this "transition" year to adulthood. You two have to agree on who is going to claim his exemption. Each should do their taxes both ways and see which way the family comes out best.  Even then, you have to meet the rules. 

There are two types of dependents, "Qualifying Children"(QC) and Other ("Qualifying Relative" in IRS parlance even though they don't have to actually be related). There is no income limit for a QC but there is an age limit, student status, a relationship test and residence test. Only a QC qualifies a taxpayer for the Earned Income Credit.

The rule is that a child of a taxpayer can still be a “Qualifying Child” dependent, regardless of his income, if:

1. he is a full-time student under 24 for at least 5 calendar months of the year (graduating in May usually means you meet the 5 month rule)
2. he did not provide more than 1/2 his own support  (scholarships are considered 3rd party support and not support provided by the student). 
3. lived with the parent (including time away at school) for more than half the year

So, it usually hinges on "Did he provide more than 1/2 his own support in 2022.

The support value of the home you provided is the fair market rental value of the home plus utilities & other expenses divided by the number of occupants. IRS Publication 501 on page 20 has a worksheet that can be used to help with the support calculation. See: http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p501.pdf  (page 15)