Here is an answer to same question by a very knowledgeable super user:
So your actual question is "Can you have Medicaid if you are claimed as a dependent?". Right?
Do you live in a State that has expanded Medicaid?
http://kff.org/health-reform/state-indicator/state-activity-around-expanding-medicaid-under-the-affo...
If your State has expanded Medicaid, your boyfriend claiming you as a dependent will NOT affect your eligibility for Medicaid (see below for the legal gibberish).
If your State has not expanded Medicaid, I don't know. Each State has different rules.
(2) Basic rule for individuals claimed as a tax dependent.
In the case of an individual who expects to be claimed as a tax
dependent by another taxpayer for the taxable year in which an initial
determination or renewal of eligibility is being made, the household is
the household of the taxpayer claiming such individual as a tax
dependent, except that the household must be determined in accordance
with paragraph (f)(3) of this section in the case of—
(i)
Individuals other than a spouse or a biological, adopted, or step child
who expect to be claimed as a tax dependent by another taxpayer;
(3) Rules for individuals who neither file a tax return nor are claimed as a tax dependent.
In the case of individuals who do not expect to file a Federal tax
return and do not expect to be claimed as a tax dependent for the
taxable year in which an initial determination or renewal of eligibility
is being made, or who are described in paragraph (f)(2)(i), (f)(2)(ii),
or (f)(2)(iii) of this section, the household consists of the
individual and, if living with the individual—
(i) The individual's spouse;
(ii) The individual's natural, adopted and step children under the age specified in paragraph (f)(3)(iv) of this section; and
(iii)
In the case of individuals under the age specified in paragraph
(f)(3)(iv) of this section, the individual's natural, adopted and step
parents and natural, adoptive and step siblings under the age specified
in paragraph (f)(3)(iv) of this section.
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=f54e4bfca7c7d663f36cb10c0675f77b&node=42:4.0.1.1.6.7.67.4&r...
