my son turned 18 in October. He lives with me full-time and is a full-time student. He does have a part-time job. there is one special circumstance. I received death benefits up until his 18th birthday, which I will claim but now the death benefit comes to him via SSI. The total benefit will be around $4500 for the rest of this year. Does he need to file on that or can I claim him?
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Since he is under the age of 19, you can claim him as a dependent under the Qualifying Child rules. You do NOT report his income nor any Social Security benefits he received on your tax return. He can file his own tax return and indicate on the return that he can be claimed as a dependent.
To be a Qualifying Child -
1. The child must be your son, daughter, stepchild, foster child, brother, sister, half brother, half sister, stepbrother, stepsister, or a descendant of any of them.
2. The child must be (a) under age 19 at the end of the year, (b) under age 24 at the end of the year and a full-time student or (c) any age and permanently and totally disabled.
3. The child must have lived with you for more than half of the year. Temporary absences while away at college are considered living with you.
4. The child must not have provided more than half of his or her own support for the year.
5. If the child meets the rules to be a qualifying child of more than one person, you must be the person entitled to claim the child as a qualifying child.
6. The child must be a U.S. citizen or U.S., Canada or Mexico resident for some portion of the year.
7. The child must be younger than you unless disabled.
Do you mean ssi (Supplemental Security Income) or Social Security? You do not report ssi on a tax return at all. You only report Social Security or SSDI or a SSA-1099. If the SSA-1099 comes in his name he only reports it if he has other income like W2 or 1099.
You can still claim him if he is a full time student under 24. Who can you claim
https://ttlc.intuit.com/community/credits-and-deductions/help/who-can-i-claim-as-my-dependent/01/267...
They don't have to file if they only have W2 income under 13,850 (2023) but can file to get back any withholding taken out in boxes 2 or 17. But you don't get boxes 4 or 6 back. If they got a 1099Misc or 1099NEC they have to file it as self employment income no matter how small the amount.
Be sure on their return they check the box that says they can be claimed on someone else’s return.
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