I live in CA and if I claim my college student daughter as dependent, she has a scholarship and lab assistantship income from MA. Do I need to file both CA and MA tax state returns just she needs to file MA return?
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You file a CA return only. Your daughter files both a non-resident MA return and a CA return. Be sure your daughter indicates on her federal return that she can be claimed as a dependent by someone else. And be sure that she enters CA as her State of Residence in TurboTax.
Thank you so much for your reply.
Sorry that this is the first year my daughter goes to college out of state and I'm confused about how to do the tax return. Could you please clarify the following?
So we (parents and daughter) will have to file the following 5 tax returns:
1. Parents - Federal (claims daughter as a dependent, does NOT report daughter's income here?)
2. Parents - CA state (claims daughter as a dependent, does NOT report daughter's income here?)
3. Daughter - Federal (indicates parents claim her as a dependent, reports her scholarship and other income?)
4. Daughter - CA state Resident l (indicates parents claim her as a dependent, reports her scholarship and other income?)
5. Daughter - MA state non-resident (indicates parents claim her as a dependent, reports her scholarship and other income?)
Thank you!
@CA_1 --
What you have is correct, but be aware of the following:
1. Your daughter's scholarship income may be only partially taxable, or even not taxable at all. Read this TurboTax help article:
2. Your daughter is required to file in CA and MA only if her income exceeds each particular state's filing threshold. You can find the filing threshold amounts on each state's tax website. (But even if not required to file, she'd have to file in order to obtain a refund of any excess withheld taxes.)
3. If she does file in both MA and CA, be sure she completes the non-resident MA tax return first, before she does her resident CA return. That's because CA will grant her a credit for taxes paid to MA. The program needs the MA return done first, so that it "knows" the amount of the credit. (The credit is to avoid double taxation, which is prohibited by federal law.)
Here's something that you may need to be aware of (since you think your kid's scholarship might be taxable).
There is a tax “loop hole” available to claim an education credit, for the parents of students on scholarship. The student reports all his scholarship, up to the amount needed to claim the American Opportunity Credit (AOC), as income on his return. That way, the parents (or himself, if he is not a dependent) can claim the tuition credit on their return. They can do this because that much tuition was no longer paid by "tax free" scholarship. You cannot do this if the school’s billing statement specifically shows the scholarships being applied to tuition or if the conditions of the grant are that it be used to pay for qualified expenses.
Using an example: Student has $10,000 in box 5 of the 1098-T and $8000 in box 1. At first glance he/she has $2000 of taxable income and nobody can claim the American opportunity credit. But if she reports $6000 as income on her return, the parents can claim $4000 of qualified expenses on their return.
Books and computers are also qualifying expenses for the AOC. So, extending the example, the student had another $1000 in expenses for those course materials, paid out of pocket, she would only need to report $5000 of taxable scholarship income, instead of $6000.
The IRS actually encourages use of this technique. From the form 1040 instructions: “You may be able to increase an education credit if the student chooses to include all or part of a Pell grant or certain other scholarships or fellowships in income. For more information, see Pub. 970, the instructions for Form 1040 and IRS.gov/EdCredit". PUB 970 even has examples of how to do the “loop hole”.
Thank you so much for your timely replies and information. Appreciate it!
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