The Backdoor Roth only will be nontaxable if your traditional/SEP/SIMPLE IRAs are empty before you start and you convert the funds before they create earnings. If you had pre-tax funds from your 401k rollover in your traditional IRA then the pro-rata rule applies. This means that with each distribution/ conversion, you will have a taxable and nontaxable part. You can see the remaining basis on line 14 of Form 8606, this basis can be carried forward. Therefore, each distribution/conversion in the future will have a taxable and nontaxable part until the basis is all used.
If you have pre-tax funds in your traditional IRA and plan to use this strategy in the future you might want to think about a reverse rollover where you rollover IRA money to a company plan, like a 401(k). Only pre-tax funds can be rolled from an IRA to a company plan. Therefore, you would isolate the basis and could start the Backdoor Roth procedure fresh. But it only works if your employer allows it, not all plans do.
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