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getToit11
New Member

Using 401k funds to pay down debt, tax bracket concerns. R A. Miller

We want to use 401k funds to draw down a home equity line of credit balance. We're concerned that in doing so we will place ourselves in a higher tax bracket. Won't those 401k funds we withdraw to pay debts be counted as income, thus placing us in a higher tax bracket? Our current tax rate is 5.75 percent. Appreciate any advice you can offer.

Thanks,

Long-time Turbo Tax customer 

 

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4 Replies

Using 401k funds to pay down debt, tax bracket concerns. R A. Miller

If you are younger than 59 1/2 you will be subject to a 10% early withdrawal penalty for using funds from your 401k, and you will pay ordinary income tax on that money as well---so yes, you may end up in a higher tax bracket, depending on how much money you take out of the retirement account.  Using the money from a 401k to pay toward a home equity loan is not an exception to the early withdrawal penalty.

**Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to offer the most correct information possible. The poster disclaims any legal responsibility for the accuracy of the information that is contained in this post.**
getToit11
New Member

Using 401k funds to pay down debt, tax bracket concerns. R A. Miller

Thanks for your prompt reply to my query. One follow-up question: My wife & I file our taxes jointly. How do I determine our tax bracket so any extra home equity loan payments we make won't bump us into a higher tax bracket? Last question, I swear!

 

Thanks alot,

Tony

Using 401k funds to pay down debt, tax bracket concerns. R A. Miller


@getToit11 wrote:

Thanks for your prompt reply to my query. One follow-up question: My wife & I file our taxes jointly. How do I determine our tax bracket so any extra home equity loan payments we make won't bump us into a higher tax bracket? Last question, I swear!

 

Thanks alot,

Tony


You can use this, although the numbers are slightly off because it uses 2023 calculations.

TaxCaster tax calculator

 

The tax brackets are here.

https://taxfoundation.org/data/all/federal/2024-tax-brackets/

 

For married filing jointly, your first major threshold is $94,000 of taxable income (after accounting for the standard or itemized deductions).  It's 12% below that and 22% above that.  After that you can go all the way up to $383,000 and pay either 22% or 24%, not that big a difference.

 

Just be aware that if you are under age 59-1/2, your minimum tax will be 22%, all the way to possibly 42% depending on your income and state tax rates.  And you lose all the future growth potential.  The only reason to even think about paying off a HELOC with 401k funds under age 59-1/2 is if your interest rate is higher than your investment returns.  Even over age 59-1/2 where you won't pay the penalty, you still pay income tax, and it doesn't make sense to pay off the HELOC unless the interest rate is higher than your investment returns in the 401k.  

gxt1
Level 3

Using 401k funds to pay down debt, tax bracket concerns. R A. Miller

Age is a factor beyond just 59 1/2 for the no penalty on withdrawal. If you're drawing SS, or have Medicare, income thresholds apply to taxation on those

.

At least yours is not credit card debt with the associated incredibly high interest rates!!

 

Snce money market funds are currently paying about 4 1/2 to 4 3/4% your equity line is probably not costing you a bundle. There's a good chance your investments are doing better than what the interest rate on your credit line is. You would have to make that determination.

 

If you itemize and spent your home equity line on home improvements the interest may be tax deductible. If so then the loss of the tax deduction has to be considered into the equation.

 

On the chance you don't know, while the extra income may place you in a higher income tax bracket, it's only the taxable income that is above the bracket level that gets taxed at the rate.

As already said the big jump for married filing jointly is above 94,300. Any taxable income above that level breaches the 22% bracket (instead of 12% and lower below that) and stays there until you get above 201,050.

 

Here's the best Dave Ramsey part of me coming out and it's kind of dumb since I don't know your circumstances.  I'm blue skying thoughts and none of them may apply to you.The things that come to my mind are;

 

Do you have enough cash to not get caught if something comes up. No reason to pay down the home equity line if you end up having to use a credit card in an emergency and carry a balance.

 

Do you have any debt with a higher interest rate than your equity line?  Without knowing, any credit card debt would probably be a better first choice to pay down / off.

 

Is there anyway to increase free cash flow without drawing on the 401k.

I.E.

If there is any significant savings that is sitting in a brick and mortar bank? Unless it's one of the very few that actually pays some interest, moving money to get a actual return could be an option; but if you're talking a few thousand instead many thousands it won't make much of a difference.

 

Is there a reasonable life style change that might free up some cash (to apply to the credit line)? If push came to shove for me, I'd be dumping some of my Comcast services, though I will say I get super cheap cell phone service through them (a plan I'm grandfathered into). Even without push come to shove it's on my list to investigate alternatives.

 

Do you take advantage of an FSA if work offers it to you?. It has to be planned from a contribution vs. need standpoint but FSA dollars come out of a pay check tax free are used tax free.The contributions to the FSA account reduce your taxable income.

 

And that's the end of my thoughts, good luck and good planning!

 

 

 

 

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