Form 2210 vs. Form 1040ES

[VAer]

If I have full time salary job (W2), and occasionally I make some stock capital gain (risky stocks).

For example, I make $10k capital gain in May 2020 and pay estimated tax by June 15; then I make $20k capital gain in July 2020 and pay estimated tax by September 15.

As long as I pay enough estimated tax for each quarter, I do not need to file form 2210, correct?

In what case I should be involved with form 2210? Is the form used only when IRS determines there is underpayment of tax? Is the form used to determine underpaid tax and penalty?

Could someone use plain language to explain the relationship between these two forms?

Thanks.

[Carl]

Form 2210 is only used for figuring the penalty for underpayment of estimated taxes, or for W-2 income, under withholding of taxes. It only comes into play when:

The amount of tax owed is more than 10% of your total tax liability for the tax year

 *******************OR******************

The mount of tax owed is more than $1000.

**********WHICHEVER OF THE TWO IS HIGHER*************