Figuring out estimated taxes a year ahead of time doesn't do me much good. I might have no capital gains for the year if I don't sell securities or I might have a few hundred thousand, but I have no idea at the beginning of the year what I might sell. I might have an idea of what dividends I might get throughout the year, and could keep track of charitable contributions and other income, but I really need a tool to do this throughout the year as things happen.
In addition to knowing what my quarterly payments should be based on actual income (I'd still have an issue if I have a subsequent quarter where I sell securities at a huge loss) there are other things I'd want to figure out such as how much I could use from an IRA to make a Roth conversion without increasing my income to the point that my tax bracket goes up and my Medicare premiums go up.
I could wait until the end of the year, hope that Turbotax comes out with enough time for me to cram the numbers in to estimate, but is there a better way? I'd need to do this before making end of year decisions, so January would be too late.
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you have two options
1) one safe harbor requires you to pay in 100% of your 2024 tax liability. It's 110% if your 2024 AGI is $150K or more. 1/4 for each period (see 2) for period and due date)
2) use the 2024 form 2210 annualized income installment method to estimate your periodic liability. it's not really quarterly. the first 3 periods end 3/31 (due 4/15), 5/31 (due 6/15), and 8/31 (due 9/15). There are also online tax calculators, I cannot say how accurate they are when it actually comes time to file. the AIIM is geared towards paying in 90% of your 2025 tax liability.
either method can result in overpaying your taxes. That's just the way the tax laws work. paying 100% of your 2025 taxes on 1/15/2026 doesn't work because then there can be penalties for the first 3 quarters which may be mitigated by using the AIIM.
state laws may vary.
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