This is to help her pay the closing costs of a buying a house. Or is it better to give it as a gift?
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For tax purposes, the loan is not deductible or reportable unless you actually collect interest. Interest income is reportable by you but is not deductible as mortgage interest to her unless you record it with the county as an actual lien binding the property.
For mortgage purposes, she probably can't get a mortgage if you declare this as a loan, because if the lender won't lend her enough to buy the house by herself, they also won't loan her money if she has a second loan that she has to pay back. That means she will probably have to present the money as if it was a gift to her, and you would have to give her a gift letter to show the bank. If you actually intend it as a loan, that's technically mortgage fraud although a lot of people probably do it. If she decides not to pay it back for any reason, she can use the gift loan to defeat you in court. So consider your options carefully.
None whatsoever. If you "loan" her the money, it's not her money. It's yours and you the lender have most likely already paid taxes on it.
If you "gift" more than $14K in a tax year, then you the giver have to file a gift tax return and you the giver has to pay a gift tax. The recipient of your gift reports nothing.
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