You can file your earned income on Schedule C for self-employed individuals even if you didn't get a 1099. Schedule C is a part of Form 1040. You can deduct any expenses you had. TurboTax will guide you through with a list of questions. You should use TurboTax Self-Employed to make sure you get all your deductions.
You will have to pay Self Employment tax on your net income. This covers your Social Security and Medicare tax. If your employer had reported your wages on a W-2, they would have paid half of the Social Security and Medicare tax on your earnings.