You do not claim your spouse as a dependent. If you are legally married as of 12/31/2016 you will either file as Married Filing Jointly or Married Filing Separately. If your spouse does not have a Social Security number or an ITIN then you will have to file as Married Filing Separately. You cannot claim the personal exemption for your spouse.
You will not be able to e-file your tax return. On the Form 1040 you must write NRA (non-resident alien) in the box for the spouse's Social Security number. The tax return must be printed and mailed.
However, you can apply for an ITIN using Form W-7 from the IRS to mail with your tax return and file your return as Married Filing Jointly. See this IRS website for information on obtaining a ITIN and where to file your tax return with the W-7 - https://www.irs.gov/individuals/individual-taxpayer-identification-number-itin
If, at the end of your tax year, you are married
and one spouse is a U.S. citizen or a resident
alien and the other spouse is a nonresident
alien, you can choose to treat the nonresident
spouse as a U.S. resident. You must file a joint income
tax return for the year you make the choice, but
you and your spouse can file joint or separate
returns in later years.
See IRS Publication 519 U.S. Tax Guide
for Aliens page 9 for how to make this choice - https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p519.pdf#page=9
