@juham2013 in an earlier post you said: "A. Won't the fact that we move from the 12% bracket to the 22% bracket (higher Federally taxed income) cause me getting double-taxed? The tax treaty is supp...
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@juham2013 in an earlier post you said: "A. Won't the fact that we move from the 12% bracket to the 22% bracket (higher Federally taxed income) cause me getting double-taxed? The tax treaty is supposed to prevent that from happening." The answer is no, this isn't "double taxation". There may be a misconception here about how the tax treaty works: when it says for example that a foreign country has the right to tax the foreign pension, it doesn't mean that the US ignores that income. It just means that the foreign country taxes it FIRST. But if the foreign country taxes the income at a lower rate than you would have paid on the same income in the US, then the IRS will collect additional tax such that overall you pay at least as much tax on foreign-sourced income as you would if it were domestically sourced. It's hard to come up with simple examples, but I'll try: Say you have $1000 foreign pension that was taxed at 15% by the foreign government, so they collected $150. Say under US tax law, when combined with all your other worldwide income, the IRS determines that your average tax rate on this type of income in the US is 20%, or $200. So the US charges you the $200 in tax, but with Form 1116 they allow you to claim a credit for the $150 you already paid to foreign government, so the net result is you pay $50 to the US, $150 to the foreign government, so $200 in total. That may feel like double taxation, but really it isn't: the $1000 has only been taxed once, at the higher of the two tax rates. And that is the usual outcome of these types of foreign tax credit calculations: you always end up paying the higher of the two tax rates assessed by the two countries.