For federal income tax purposes, no, you cannot deduct homeschooling or K-12 education expenses as an education deduction. The education credits are for higher education (college).
Some states offer a credit for K-12 education expenses. Check with your states Department of Revenue to see if there are any tax breaks for homeschooling or private schools.
Additional information:
To date, 14 states in addition to Minnesota provide income tax benefits for education-related expenses.
Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Indiana,Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, New Hampshire, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia all provide tax credits for contributions to nonprofit school tuition organizations that operate like charities; Puerto Rico also allows a similar credit.
Kansas, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island allow their credits only for corporate taxpayers; the Florida credit is allowed against corporate, insurance premiums, severance, alcoholic beverage taxes, and sales taxes for certain taxpayers; and Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Indiana,Iowa, Louisiana, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Virginia allow credits for both individual and corporate taxpayers.
Arizona also allows credits for individuals who pay extracurricular public school fees and who contribute to character education programs at public schools, and Pennsylvania also allows a corporate credit for contributions to innovative public school programs.
Louisiana allows individuals to claim a tax deduction for qualified education expenses.
Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin provide individuals with nonrefundable tax credits for qualified education expenses, and Alabama allows a refundable credit for tuition expenses of students leaving state-designated low-performance schools. Iowa’s credit applies to tuition for children attending accredited not-for-profit K-12 schools, and Louisiana’s deduction applies to public, private, and homeschool expenses.
Courts in Arizona, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa and New Hampshire have upheld the permissibility of these education credits. See http://homeschoolcpa.com/tax-breaks-for-education-in-some-states/
