On your tax return, find your taxable income (line 11b on your 1040).
Then look at this IRS webpage and see where your taxable income falls. For example, if your taxable income is $40,000, then your tax bracket is the 22% tax bracket. That is, for each additional dollar that you earn, you would pay $0.22 in additional tax.
Now take your proposed retirement withdrawal and multiply it by your marginal tax rate (i.e., your tax bracket), to give you how much more tax you would owe (other things being equal, like you don't cross a tax bracket boundary).
***NOTE: if you are on Social Security, you must be aware that large retirement fund withdrawals can cause your Social Security to became taxable when formerly it was not. This catches many seniors by surprise because most seniors do not do withholding for Social Security.
Try using the IRS Interactive Tax Assistant to see how much of your Social Security will be taxable if you take a retirement distribution. You will have to factor in that income as well as your retirement withdrawal.
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