How do I enter the Cryptocurrency transactions that are in Bitcoin but not in USD? How do I claim the losses/gains for those transactions?

[TomYoung]

Each sale of cryptocurrency is a reportable transaction.  There's no "like kind exchanges" here - swapping one cryptocurrency for a different cryptocurrency - each transaction is a sale even if USD was not used.

You use the "Stocks, Mutual Funds, Bonds, Other" interview and tell TurboTax no 1099-B was received.  (I guess "online" TurboTax - where the cool kids are - has an explicit "crypto" interview, and I don't use the online product, but nothing is fundamentally changed.)  The spot price in USD of the crypto received is "proceeds", from which you subtract your basis in the crypto given up, coming to a gain or loss.  The spot price in USD of the crypto received now has that USD basis and a new holding period.

Tom Young