I had this problem that updates started failing on my Windows 10 version of Turbo-Tax Home and Business. After a lot of false steps and spending hours with Turbo-Tax assistants, I finally got it to work.
1. I restarted my PC.
2. I uninstalled Turbo-Tax 2023.
3. I reinstalled Turbo-Tax 2023 (Home and Business version)
The program started again, and successfully updated. The program used the files created previously by Turbo-Tax, and I was able (finally) to perform the e-Filing steps.
I hope this helps anyone who comes across a similar problem.