1- I invest cash into my friends power washing business and soon after he passed. I lost my money. How so I show that loss?
That's an investment loss. Deal with that in the Investments section.
2-I invested in crypto and the last time I checked, my money was at half the the value. Is that a loss or do I need to wait until I sell?
That's another one dealt with in the investments section. You've nothing to report until you sell.
3- I remolded a house and rented it, I haven't broken even yet. Do I have to show the income even though I haven't paid back what I owe?
Rental property is reported on SCH E. When it comes to taxes, chances are you'll never ever "break even". All rental income and expenses are reported on SCH E. More than likely your remodel is a property improvement that adds to the cost basis. Property improvements are not deducted per-se. It adds to the cost basis of the property. Your improvements get added as another asset in the assets/depreciation section and depreciated over time. For rental property the cost gets depreciated over 27.5 years.
It "sounds" like this is your first time being a landlord. I can not stress the importance of absolute perfection in that first year when dealing with rental property. Even the tiniest of mistakes can (and will) grow exponentially over time. Then when you catch your mistake years down the road, usually the year you sell the property, the cost of fixing it can (and usually will) be expensive. Double that if your state also taxes personal income.
I highly suggest you read and familiarize yourself with IRS Publication 527 at https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p527.pdf. Especially Chapter 2.
