No, if you set up a payment and it failed due to NSF, or another error, you have to set up a new payment.
If you set that up as a direct debit, you will need to contact the IRS to change your payments. Follow this link and use the information under Cancellations, errors and questions to change the payments you set up.
If you have trouble getting through, you can pay directly on the IRS website. Follow this link to get started with direct payment options.
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