My 2022 fed return was e-filed & accepted 3/22/23. Sending check for amount owed. Missed deductions and need to e-file amended return. How soon can I do so, do I need to wait for the original payment to clear?

Yes, it's best to wait until your original return has been processed and the payment made (and cleared the bank).

Once that's done, you can prepare your 1040-X using TurboTax.  I "think" your amended return for 2022 can be filed electronically.  I'll share a TurboTax FAQ below that will instruct you on filing your amended return.

How do I amend a return I've already filed? 

Thank you.  I'll check the link on filing an amended return.