If I owed $1,200 in federal taxes for 2021 return will it be deducted from my 2022 return? I was on chapter 13 bankruptcy in 2022 that I paid off in August 2022.

Federal taxes owed and paid for a prior tax year are not reported on a federal tax return.

@DoninGA is correct that it will not be reported on your return. However, you can expect the IRS to take what you owe them from your refund.