No, generally, it is taken in the year you purchase the vehicle. You may be able to amend your income tax return to take advantage of the electric plug-in vehicle credit.
See How to amend (change or correct) a return you already filedFederal Tax Credits for All-Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles: Federal Tax Credit Up To $7,500: All-electric and plug-in hybrid cars purchased in or after 2010 may be eligible for a federal income tax credit of up to $7,500. The credit amount will vary based on the capacity of the battery used to power the vehicle. State and/or local incentives may also apply. See https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/taxevb.shtml
The Plug-in Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit is reported on Form 8936, the Plug-In Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit applies to certain manufactured electric or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles which draw electricity from a battery recharged from an external source of electricity. The credit ranges from $2,500 to $7,500 depending on battery capacity and weight.
TurboTax will ask about your electric vehicle and help you with this credit.
To enter your Plug-in Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit: