Can I still get a print-out of the tax document I filed yesterday even though I didn't ask for the printable version at the moment I was filing?

Yes - You can go back in to TurboTax to print out or get a PDF copy of your tax return.

You can find the tax return you already filed for 2019 by following these steps:

1. Sign back in to your TurboTax account.  You will be on your Tax Home screen.
2. If you want to download or print your return, click on the blue Download/print return box at the top of the screen.
3. If you want to do something else, like add a state, download, or amend your return, scroll down to the 2019 menu towards the bottom of the screen.

[Edited | 4/14/2020 |  11:17am PDT]

Can I still print out the 2020 tax document I worked on yesterday?

@richardobell You can print your filed tax return:

https://ttlc.intuit.com/community/prior-year-return/help/how-do-i-get-a-copy-of-a-return-i-filed-this-year-in-turbotax-online/00/25932