What does the line Tax Expense in the "Tax History Report" refer to and why is it so much more in 2022 than any other year?

We can't see your forms or entries in this forum but the "Tax Expense" item is from line 7, Schedule A reporting the state and local taxes paid in each of the years.  The maximum will be 10,000, but it would appear you paid more state/local taxes in 2022 than in previous years.