Last year I filed 1040-SR. But the AGI from the 1040-SR doesn't match the AGI for filing my 2024 1040. How can I satisfy the requirement for a matching AGI?

Not sure what you mean by "matching" the AGI.  They do not have to be the same.   Your AGI can be different in 2023 from the AGI for 2024.   Enter the amount from line 11 of your 2023 Form 1040.   If that amount does not let you e-file then try using zero instead.