Is my 19 year old considered a dependent if he was enrolled full time in the spring and summer 2022 semesters but did not pass enough courses to earn all the credits?

Passing the courses is not required ... being enrolled is the key. 

Thank you so much!  I was concerned since he was disqualified from state and federal aid because he did not earn enough credits to be considered full time.  He has decided to go another route so I guess I'll be losing him as a dependent for 23.  Thanks for your help.

Mike

Passing a course is not a requirement. Heck, even attending classes is not a requirement. The requirement is "enrollment" as a full time student for any one semester that started in the tax year.