TurboTax receives no information form the IRS payment website - https://www.irs.gov/payments
Why do you want a copy of a failed attempt to pay? If you were not able to pay using the IRS site then you need to pay some other way, like by mailing a check or money order, or by using a different credit or debit card on the IRS site.
Did the tax due payment on the extension reject OR did the whole extension form 4868 reject?
Turbo Tax doesn't pay or send your tax due. It only transmits your bank info to the IRS. Then the IRS debits your account on the date you specified or later. Your only proof of payment is your bank statement or credit card showing the payment coming out.
If the payment was never made then make sure it doesn't show up on your actual 1040 return. You may need to delete it. For 2021 Federal Extension payments are on schedule 3 line 10. And go to 1040 line 31.