I signed a 5-year contract with my work. I was taxed on all income. I completed 1 year of the contract, but now I am leaving. Can I get those taxes back if its paid back?

For the rules on this, see Repayments on page 37 of this IRS Publication:

2022 Publication 525 (irs.gov)

@joshcall13gm-gma so let me understand..

your employer paid for your education (and of course you had to pay tax on that income)

Now, since you are leaving before the contract was satisfied, you are being required by your employer to return the educational moneys they gave you.  So since your income is being reversed, you are asking how to get the income tax you paid on that income back from the IRS, right? 

Thank you

Yes, that is all accurate.