I did not receive a physical copy of a 1099-R from one of my financial institutions. Is there a way for me to try and import it from the institution?

If your financial institution participates in the TurboTax Partner program, you can import your 1099. Once you have confirmed if your financial institution is a partner via the link I provided, please see the below FAQ for instructions on how to import your 1099:

https://ttlc.intuit.com/replies/3389470