I claim 0 dependents throughout the year. Can I not claim myself at the end of the year???

There is no longer a dependent exemption that you get a tax break for.

The number of dependents will affect the value of some credits.

 

You do not get a dependent deduction for yourself,

• But you do get the Standard Deduction of 
  • $13,850 – Single or Married Filing Separately
• Or if married
  • $27,700 – Married Filing Jointly 

Please contact us again with any additional questions or to provide some additional details.

Q. Can I not claim myself at the end of the year???

Q. (restated) Can I not claim myself when I file my tax return?

A. Yes.  Basically, it does not matter what you claimed "throughout the year".

 

It's not clear what you are trying to accomplish.  The only time "claiming yourself" comes up is when you can be claimed as a dependent, on someone else's tax return.  In that case, yes, you check the box, on form 1040 that says you can be claimed by someone else.  You answer yes to that question, in the TurboTax interview, in the personal info section.  

But, the question may be academic. Starting in 2018, the $3000 deduction (actually an "exemption") that you got for claiming yourself was eliminated. 

With the tax law change, effective 2018, most students will get the same refund whether they claim themselves or not. The personal exemption has been eliminated and the standard deduction increased.