Probably not, depending on the type of disability.
Most types of disability are not taxable and you do not have to file a return.
If the disability income is from Social Security and it is the only income you earned in 2016, it is not taxable or reportable and you need not file a tax return.
For information on other types of disability, please see this FAQ:
https://ttlc.intuit.com/replies/3301926