How much is taken out of my tax return if I don't have health insurance? I was under the impression it would be no more than $600.

This is how the penalty is computed, they use one of two ways, whichever is higher:

Percentage of income

• 2.5% of household income
• Maximum: Total yearly premium for the national average price of a Bronze plan sold through the Marketplace

• $695 per adult
• $347.50 per child under 18
• Maximum: $2,085
  

<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.healthcare.gov/fees/fee-for-not-being-covered/">https://www.healthcare.gov/fees/fee-for-not-being-covered/</a>