How do I record money made on a 1099-Misc from my employer who didn't withhold any taxes? It wants me to put an EIN, but thinks its my own business. Help!

Why did your employer issue a 1099-Misc instead of adding the income on your W2?

don't know; should I have received a W2?

That is self employment income.
You can enter Self Employment Income into Online Deluxe or Premier but if you have any expenses you will have to upgrade to the Self Employed version.

How to enter income from Self Employment
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The person you are working for is treating you as an independent contractor and issuing you a 1099-MISC. As an independent contractor, you are self-employed and need to complete Form 1040 Schedule C. You can use your social security number, instead of applying for an EIN, for your business as a sole proprietor. VolvoGirl has provided instructions on how to enter your income from self-employment into TurboTax.

If you thought you were an employee (you would have received a W-2 and the employer would have withheld taxes for you) in 2017, and are still working for the same company, I suggest you discuss the situation with your employer.