Anyone else have a significant difference in their federal deduction this year compared to last year with no significant increase in income?

I suggest you look at your actual tax return.

 

From the left sidebar

1. Select Tax tools
2. Hint: You may have to minimize the Federal and State selections
3. Click Tools
4. A Menu will pop up
5. Select View tax summary
6. On the left panel click Preview my 1040
7. Deductions are on line 12
8. Also see lines 19, 26 & 28

Some Key numbers to compare:

• 11 Adjusted Gross Income
• 12 Deductions
• 15 Taxable income
• 16 Tax
• 19 Child Tax Credit
• 26 Earned Income Tax Credit
• 28 Additional Child Tax Credit
• 33 Total Payments
• 34 Overpayment
• 35a Refund
• 37 Amount you owe

The standard deduction amounts for 2024 are:

• $29,200 – Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Surviving Spouse
• $21,900 – Head of Household
• $14,600 – Single or Married Filing Separately

For 2024, the additional standard deduction amounts for taxpayers who are 65 and older or blind are:

• $1,950 for Single or Head of Household
• $1,550 for married taxpayers or Qualifying Surviving Spouse

You can also see: The difference between standard and itemized deductions, and what they mean