My Federal filing was accepted on 3/4, I got a NSF email from my bank on 3/4 (I accidently used the wrong checking account) I immediately transferred funds, as of today 3/6 IRS clearinghouse has not resubmitted a second request for funds. (see www.https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc206)
If your check or other commercial payment instrument is resubmitted and there are sufficient funds in your bank account to cover it, the check will be paid and not returned to the IRS, so you won't be charged the dishonored check penalty
I would rather pay twice and get a refund than be charged pentalities and fees.
If you wanted to pay Federal Taxes with a bank account debit that was NSF, this is in the IRS's ballpark.
You could try to contact them, and you may receive a letter from them.
Click this link for the IRS Direct Pay site.