You will see those changes when you file your 2018 tax return next year in 2019. The law does not go into effect until then.
2017 Standard Deductions
Single $6350 (65 or older + $1550)
Married Filing Separately $6350 (65 or older + $1250)
Married Filing Jointly $12,700 (65 or older + $1250@)
Head of Household $9350 (65 or older + $1550)
Child Tax Credit for 2017 Returns:
The child tax credit can only reduce your tax liability down to zero. It is not a refund. If you have no tax due, then you may not receive the full amount of the $1000 Child Tax Credit
If your child turned 17 at any time during 2017, then you will not receive the child tax credit.
If you are claiming the Child Tax Credit for a child who was born in 2017, make sure you said in Personal Info that the child lived with you all year and that you entered the child’s SSN.
The child tax credit is reduced by $50 for every $1000 of AGI over these limits:
Married filing jointly $110,000
Single, Head of Household or qualifying widower $75,000
Married Filing separately $55,000
*You can see the amount of the child tax credit you got on your Form 1040A on line 35; on Form 1040 line 52
If your child turned 17 in 2017, even on the last day of 2017, you do not get the child tax credit. There are no exceptions to the rule. You can still claim your child as a dependent.