It depends if you are paid as a W2 employee or as an independent contractor and received a 1099-NEC. If you received a W2 to report your pay, you cannot deduct any unreimbursed business expenses or home office expenses. If you received a 1099-NEC to report your pay the IRS considers you self-employed and you need to report your income on Schedule C, where you can also deduct business expenses and the home office deduction.
See Am I considered self-employed? and What self-employed expenses can I deduct? if you are indeed self-employed.