I have roughly 19K in deductions, $10K of which is charity donations, yet TurboTax is not picking them up in the breakdown. Why? It's recommending the standard deduction.

If you are married and MFJ...the Std Deduction is waaaaay higher.

IF you are single, then it may depend on what the other deductions are...if many are medical, then only the out-of-pocket med expenses that exceed 7.5% of your AGI will be included as itemized deductions,  You enter all of your out-of-pocket Med expenses, and then TTX applies the 7.5% limit to them and only the amount over that limit is included.

Here is an FAQ for what the Std Ded is this year...especially, if you are single and have a dependent, then the HOH Std Ded may be higher than you think it is:

What's my standard deduction for 2024?